Education with AI & Machine Learning in a Post-Pandemic World


Abstract views: 792 / PDF downloads: 395

Authors

  • Jazhiel Segura-Monroy
  • Hugo Hernandez-Ordonez
  • Oscar Catemaxa Cardoza
  • Sergio Sanchez-Sarellano
  • Yetkin Yildirim Rice University

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.31039/ejohe.2022.6.67

Keywords:

Artificial intelligence, machine learning, exploratory learning environments, educational data mining, intelligent tutoring systems, adult learning systems

Abstract

The shift from the 20th to the 21st century has brought about a multitude of technological developments, particularly in the education sector. However, the recent COVID-19 pandemic has created substantial obstacles for students, not limited to but including economic difficulties, the digital divide, and lack of resources. Nevertheless, the pandemic also allowed for the flourishing of artificial intelligence (AI) & machine learning technologies, which can be utilized to mitigate these issues in education. This paper explores how AI & machine learning have been used to innovate current education institutions — including programs such as Educational Data Mining, Intelligent Tutoring Systems, and Adult Learning Systems among others — as well as the drawbacks to this approach and potential future applications for these technologies. Naturally, as a developing field there are many objections surrounding these technologies due to concerns such as data privacy, loss of soft skills, barriers to implementation, and more. But in spite of this resistance, many AI-driven educational initiatives have thrived. By analyzing past successes and failures, we hope to provide guidance for better employing these technologies in education in the future.

References

About Our Product. (n.d.). NoRedInk. Retrieved January 26, 2022, from https://www.noredink.com/about/product

Artificial Intelligence and Adult Learning. (2020, July 24). Southern Oregon University Online. Retrieved January 26, 2022, from https://online.sou.edu/articles/education/artificial-intelligence-and-adult-learning.aspx

Artificial intelligence can help bridge the digital divide. (2021, June 21). Sofrecom. Retrieved February 15, 2022, from https://www.sofrecom.com/en/news-insights/artificial-intelligence-can-help-bridge-the-digital-divide.html

Bisen, I. E., Arslan, E. A., Yildirim, K., & Yildirim, Y. (2021). Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning in Higher Education. In Z. Gulzar, & A. Leema (Ed.), Machine Learning Approaches for Improvising Modern Learning Systems (pp. 1-17). IGI Global. http://doi:10.4018/978-1-7998-5009-0.ch001

Bisen, I. E., Nalcaci, F., Alagappan, S., & Yildirim, Y. (2021). The State of Education and Artificial Intelligence After the Pandemic. London Journal of Social Sciences, 1(1), 88–98. Retrieved from https://londonic.uk/js/index.php/ljbeh/article/view/46

Bryant, J., Heitz, C., Sanghvi, S., & Wagle, D. (2020, January 14). Artificial intelligence in education: How will it impact K-12 teachers. McKinsey. Retrieved January 26, 2022, from https://www.mckinsey.com/industries/education/our-insights/how-artificial-intelligence-will-impact-k-12-teachers

Copeland, B. (2021, December 14). artificial intelligence | Definition, Examples, Types, Applications, Companies, & Facts. Britannica. Retrieved January 30, 2022, from https://www.britannica.com/technology/artificial-intelligence

Cybersecurity Salary: Where Can You Go? (2021 Update). (2021, October 1). Western Governors University. Retrieved January 26, 2022, from https://www.wgu.edu/blog/cybersecurity-salaries-how-high-can-you-climb1806.html#close

Dougherty, C. (2015, July 1). Google Photos Mistakenly Labels Black People 'Gorillas' - The New York Times. Bits. Retrieved January 26, 2022, from https://bits.blogs.nytimes.com/2015/07/01/google-photos-mistakenly-labels-black-people-gorillas/

Encryption for SIP/H.323 – Zoom Support. (2021, December 2). Zoom Support. Retrieved February 15, 2022, from https://support.zoom.us/hc/en-us/articles/201362723-Encryption-for-Meetings

Fu, L. (2018, May 29). Four Key Barriers to the Widespread Adoption of AI | Professional Education. MIT Professional Education. Retrieved January 26, 2022, from https://professional.mit.edu/news/articles/four-key-barriers-widespread-adoption-ai

Hanushek, E. (n.d.). Why We Worry About Education. National Center for Education Statistics. Retrieved January 26, 2022, from https://nces.ed.gov/pubs/web/96344han.asp

Hosch, W. L. (2009, April 23). Machine Learning | Artificial Intelligence. Retrieved January 30, 2022, from https://www.britannica.com/technology/machine-learning

Industry Partners & Community Building. (n.d.). SchooLinks. Retrieved January 26, 2022, from https://www.schoolinks.com/solutions/industry-partners

Islam, S. (n.d.). How artificial intelligence is transforming the world. Mediterranean. Retrieved January 26, 2022, from http://www.cemas.org.uk/index.php/17-content/publications/2009-how-artificial-intelligence-is-transforming-the-world

Kolchenko, V. (2018, December 3). Can Modern AI replace teachers? Not so fast! Artificial Intelligence and Adaptive Learning: Personalized Education in the AI age. ERIC. Retrieved January 26, 2022, from https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/EJ1227770.pdf

Lallé, S., & Conati, C. (2021, June 14). [2106.07555] A Framework to Counteract Suboptimal User-Behaviors in Exploratory Learning Environments: an Application to MOOCs. arXiv. Retrieved January 26, 2022, from https://arxiv.org/abs/2106.07555

Liu, L., & Carter, A. L. (2020, May 18). AI applications in Chinese education. Nesta. Retrieved January 26, 2022, from https://www.nesta.org.uk/report/the-future-of-the-classroom/ai-applications-chinese-education/

LNCS 4053 - Automatic Recognition of Learner Groups in Exploratory Learning Environments. (n.d.). Microsoft. Retrieved January 26, 2022, from https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/research/wp-content/uploads/2016/11/ITS2006.pdf

M.J. Wolf, K.W. Miller, F.S. Grodzinsky, Why We Should Have Seen That Coming: Comments on Microsoft’s Tay “Experiment,” and Wider Implications, The ORBIT Journal, Volume 1, Issue 2, 2017, Pages 1-12, ISSN 2515-8562, https://doi.org/10.29297/orbit.v1i2.49. (https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2515856220300493)

Mou, X. (n.d.). Artificial Intelligence: Investment Trends and Selected Industry Uses. International Finance Corporation. Retrieved January 26, 2022, from https://www.ifc.org/wps/wcm/connect/7898d957-69b5-4727-9226-277e8ae28711/EMCompass-Note-71-AI-Investment-Trends.pdf?MOD=AJPERES&CVID=mR5Jvd6

Roll, I., McNamara, D., Sosnovsky, S., Luckin, R., & Dimitrova, V. (2021). Artificial Intelligence on Education. Springer Link. Retrieved February 15, 2022, from https://link.springer.com/book/10.1007/978-3-030-78270-2

Schwartz, O. (2021, September 30). In 2016, Microsoft's racist chatbot revealed the dangers of online conversation. IEEE Spectrum. Retrieved January 31, 2022, from https://spectrum.ieee.org/in-2016-microsofts-racist-chatbot-revealed-the-dangers-of-online-conversation

Kindness, D. (2021, 12 13). Soft Skills. Investopedia. Retrieved January 30, 2022, from https://www.investopedia.com/terms/s/soft-skills.asp

SchooLinks, Inc. | College & Career Readiness Platform, AI Startup at appengine.ai. (n.d.). Appengine.ai. Retrieved January 26, 2022, from https://www.appengine.ai/company/schoolinks-inc

Spice, B. (2020, May 6). New AI Enables Teachers to Rapidly Develop Intelligent Tutoring Systems. Carnegie Mellon University. Retrieved January 26, 2022, from https://www.cmu.edu/news/stories/archives/2020/may/intelligent-tutors.html

Take a Tour - Introduction. (n.d.). ALEKS. Retrieved January 26, 2022, from https://www.aleks.com/about_aleks/tour_ai_intro

Twitch unleashes AI tool to spot banned users. (2021, December 1). BBC. Retrieved January 26, 2022, from https://www.bbc.com/news/technology-59491379

Verhagen, A. (2021), "Opportunities and drawbacks of using artificial intelligence for training", OECD Social, Employment and Migration Working Papers, No. 266, OECD Publishing, Paris, https://doi.org/10.1787/22729bd6-en.

What is EDM? - DataLab. (n.d.). Carnegie Mellon University. Retrieved January 26, 2022, from https://www.cmu.edu/datalab/getting-started/what-is-edm.html

Yildirim, Y., Arslan, E. A. ., Yildirim, K., & Bisen, I. (2021). Reimagining Education with Artificial Intelligence. Eurasian Journal of Higher Education, 2(4), 32–46. Retrieved from https://londonic.uk/js/index.php/ljis/article/view/52

Yildirim, Y., & Celepcikay, A. . (2021). Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning Applications in Education. Eurasian Journal of Higher Education, 2(4), 1–11. Retrieved from https://londonic.uk/js/index.php/ljis/article/view/49

Downloads

Published

2022-03-23

How to Cite

Segura-Monroy, J. ., Hernandez-Ordonez, H. ., Catemaxa Cardoza, O., Sanchez-Sarellano, S. ., & Yildirim, Y. (2022). Education with AI & Machine Learning in a Post-Pandemic World. Eurasian Journal of Higher Education, (6), 13–25. https://doi.org/10.31039/ejohe.2022.6.67

Issue

Section

Articles